the quality of a countryвЂ™s governance (its laws and the extent to which they are enforced, as well as policies for education and social protection).gangs and a local supply of illicit drugs.Risk factors within the community and wider society associating with delinquent peers and/or gang membership.parental substance abuse or criminality.low parental involvement in children's activities.a low level of attachment between parents and children.harsh, lax or inconsistent parental disciplinary practices.poor monitoring and supervision of children by parents.Risk factors within close relationships (family, friends, intimate partners, and peers) low commitment to school and school failure.low intelligence and educational achievement.early involvement with alcohol, drugs and tobacco.attention deficit, hyperactivity, conduct disorder, or other behavioural disorders.Youth violence increases the costs of health, welfare and criminal justice services reduces productivity decreases the value of property. This can affect victims' families, friends and communities. Youth homicide and non-fatal violence not only contribute greatly to the global burden of premature death, injury and disability, but also have a serious, often lifelong, impact on a person's psychological and social functioning. A study of 40 developing countries showed that an average of 42% of boys and 37% of girls were exposed to bullying. Physical fighting and bullying are also common among young people.

For example, one in eight young people report sexual abuse. Sexual violence also affects a significant proportion of youth. Firearm attacks end more often in fatal injuries than assaults that involve fists, feet, knives, and blunt objects. Between 2000-2016, rates of youth homicide decreased in most countries, although the decrease has been greater in high-income countries than in low- and middle-income countries.ДЇor every young person killed by violence, more sustain injuries that require hospital treatment. Globally, 84% of youth homicide victims are males, and most perpetratorsВ are males too. Youth homicide rates vary dramatically between and within countries. Worldwide an estimated 200 000 homicides occur among youth 10вЂ“29 years of age each year, making it the fourth leading cause of death for people in this age group. It includes a range of acts from bullying and physical fighting, to more severe sexual and physical assault to homicide. Youth violence is a global public health problem.

Youth consequences СЂСѓСЃСЃРєРёР№